# Establishing a causal chain: Why experiments are often more effective than mediational analyses in examining psychological processes.

**Type:** Papers  
**Canonical URL:** https://picoportal.org/library/papers/establishing-a-causal-chain-why-experiments-are-often-more-effective-than/

## Facts

| Field | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Author Names | Steven J. Spencer,Mark P. Zanna,Geoffrey T. Fong |
| Citations | 2,432 |
| DOI | 10.1037/0022-3514.89.6.845 |
| Fields | Psychology,Social Sciences |
| Open Access | false |
| OA Status | closed |
| OpenAlex ID | https://openalex.org/W2114385529 |
| PMID | 16393019 |
| Type | article |
| Year | 2005 |

## Paper authors

- [Steven J. Spencer](https://picoportal.org/library/researchers/steven-j-spencer/)
- [Mark P. Zanna](https://picoportal.org/library/researchers/mark-p-zanna/)
- [Geoffrey T. Fong](https://picoportal.org/library/researchers/geoffrey-t-fong/)

## Paper journal

- [Journal of Personality and Social Psychology](https://picoportal.org/library/journals/journal-of-personality-and-social-psychology/)

## Paper primary topic

- [Social and Intergroup Psychology](https://picoportal.org/library/topics/social-and-intergroup-psychology/)

## Paper topics

- [Social and Intergroup Psychology](https://picoportal.org/library/topics/social-and-intergroup-psychology/)
- [Cultural Differences and Values](https://picoportal.org/library/topics/cultural-differences-and-values/)
- [Attachment and Relationship Dynamics](https://picoportal.org/library/topics/attachment-and-relationship-dynamics/)

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Source: PICO Portal — public research metadata, principally OpenAlex. See https://picoportal.org/library/sources/ for provenance and https://picoportal.org/library/methodology/ for what these figures mean.